1鎴戜滑
杩欐槸鏄粠鐢靛奖銆婇(🕰)冨嚭(🎯)缁濆懡闀囥(🤧)(kà(🦂)ng )嬪紩(zhì )璧峰(🐛)法澶弽鍝嶇(qū(♎) )殑瀵兼紨涔斾腹路鐨皵鐨(🔘)(fèi )勭浜(bāng )岄儴浣滃搧銆p2灏稿彉(🌰)
1989骞存(cún )棣栨鍥藉唴涓婃(cóng )槧鍚庯紝鏄鎭愭(🆕)栫(🔢)數褰(qiā(〽)n )辫糠(kā(🔊)ng )鐨勬(juān )杩庯紝鑷繁(🚏)鍒朵綔(hù )浜閮p2013骞(🚕)寸炕鎷嶆寮忎笂鏄(🚌)犲悗锛屾穻婕(🔋)撳敖鑷(👟)村湴灞曠幇浜嗕(🚋)笌鍓嶄(zhǎn )綔杩(📪)劧涓(juān )嶅(áo )悓鐨(🕵)(fèi )勬亹鎬栨劅銆p
鐢靛奖(📎)鐨勬晠浜(bāng )嬫(😬)儏(⚪)鑺傚苟(🖼)涓嶇揣寮狅(⏮)紝浣(🚍)嗕細鍙堝嚭(😒)鐜(duī )板緢澶(🈲)氭(🔋)畫閰风殑鍦洪潰锛屾墍浠垜鎴戝缓璁綘(🔋)蹇冭剰杈冨(💿)急鐨勪(jué )汉瑕佹敞鎰忓啀鐪嬨p
3鍝(🌌)常濂(✒)充(chōng )汉鐨(🍏)勮瘏鍜(xiá )h1涓(🕷)(juān )庡彲浠仛鍒扮殑鎭(zhēn )愭栫墖鐩告(gà(⏬)o )瘮婕斿(yóu )憳浠穻婕(🤾)撳(👔)敖(⏯)鑷村湴灞曠幇浜(👧)嗕笉(〰)涓嶆嫎鐨(😸)勬晠浜(🚐)嬫瀯鎴愬(sè )拰楂(zhā )樿秴鐨勬妧鑹虹殑(qí(🥇)ng )婕旀(🔩)妧銆p
姣(💧)旇緝鍠滄瀹夐瓊椋庢牸鐨(👛)(fèi )勭數褰变(bià(🥧)n )汉鑲(xiā(👅)ng )畾浼氶(💃)櫡(🍳)鍏(wéi )湴鐙辫(🙇)浣滃搧鐨勯瓍鍔涗腑(💑)銆p
4娣卞叆缁(🈂)濆(pēn )湴
杩欓(⏯)儴浣滃搧浠富瑙掑(🔦)拰鏈(🤣)嬪弸浠嫭鑷(niè )梾琛屾椂(🙏)鍦礊绌(🕊)翠(cuì )腑杩(🤮)疯矾鐨勫満闈氨寮(liáo )濮嬨p浠礊绌翠负鑳屾櫙(🚆)锛(🏎)屽皢鎭愭栨(⏹)皼(😉)鍥存洿澶寲锛屽(àn )垵娆粡鍘嗗皝闂亹鎯棁鐨勪汉(🚀)涓嶉傚悎(hà(🍶)o )瑙傜(🌝)湅銆(🤩)p
5闃撮闃甸樀
闃撮闃(qù )甸樀(🕹)鍘熻憲(xiàn )鏄977骞存墠涓婃槧(🎼)鐨(💰)(fèi )勪綔鍝佺劍韬(tāo )佷笉(👍)瀹夈p2018骞寸敱鍗崱(☝)路(lù )鏍艰揪(jiū )鎴堝凹璇(xuán )哄婕旇缈绘媿鎵嶄笂鏄(tuán )狅紝(📣)寰(🖤)楀埌浜嗘亹鎬栫埍(🙇)濂借呯殑(🗨)娆吘(📄)鍙嶅簲(pí )銆p
鐢靛奖(jiǎng )鏁(♏)呬簨鏄紝(😯)鏇(xuàn )垮垰鍒(róu )氳(yūn )繘(yù )鍏垶(👀)韫堝闄紝浠(👴)庣編鍥藉洖(🏀)(wú )鍒版煆鏋楃殑(qíng )鑻(🏑)忚(liě )鍦偅(🍛)閲屾(shēn )墍閬囧埌鐨勪护浜烘(📥)瘺楠倸鐒(láo )跺(duò )拰(💇)寮烘倣(🗂)鐨勭粡楠屼(😆)负(fù )鍩虹灞曞(🕥)紑(🐍)銆p
浠(💉)壊(huài )鎰(🦉)熷拰璁捐銆佺収鏄庣瓑浜(📀)氶(zhěng )閫婄殑瑙嗚鏁堟灉钀犲嚭鏋佸(✔)叾鎭(🌄)愭栫殑(🔱)姘(🛋)涘(sì )洿銆p
6瀹夊璐濆(🥛)皵(🌐)3锛(🎂)堥濞冨洖瀹讹級
鍐典(diǎn )笖(🎏)鏄病鏈夌湅杩囪(cōng )繖閮(🚂)綔鍝侊紝涔(📘)熶細鏈夊緢澶氫汉鍚杩囧(jiǒng )畨濞(👂)滆礉灏旈偅(zhòng )涓悕(xī )瀛椼p浠伓(pī )鐏(🈲)典笅韬殑鐜伓瀹夊璐濆(pēn )皵涓虹礌鏉愬埗鍋氱殑杩欓儴褰(qiān )辩墖锛屽湪鍥藉唴涔(💥)熸(🗄)嫢鏈夋暟(🎁)鍗冪矇涓濈兢(🙅)銆p
7瀛効鎬h1瀛効鎬繖(💽)閮綔鍝(yú )佽(🐵)浜(bāng )嗕簡(🍜)(jiǎn )娴(👑)佷骇绗笁(dǔ(📝) )鑳(jià(👀)n )庣殑澶鎵(🎽)句汉棰嗗吇9宀(🌩)佸(⏭)皯濂冲(chō(🃏)ng )悗绐佺劧鍙(⛹)戠(🥋)(zhí )敓鐨勪簨浠躲p
涓讳汉鍏紛鑾庤(🦄)礉鎷(mǎ )壜峰紬灏旀浖(⬆)浠粏鑵绘煍婊戠殑婕旀妧鍜(xiá )屽弽(😧)杞殑鏁呬(🏴)簨鍏(wéi )呭垎灞(👏)(bà )曠幇浜嗘绁炴亹(💏)鎬(gǎo )栥p
杩欐槸灞(👬)(bà )曢湶鍑洪兘鏄(🕑)亣鐨(🛎)勬(✴)紨鎶(🌂)鐨勪紛鑾庤(🐓)礉(🅱)鎷壜峰(🐽)紬灏旀浖鐨勫舰(😇)鎬佽疆寤撲(pū )綔鍝侊紝(🤤)瑕(xiá )佹槸寰堝枩娆(🍻)亹鎬栨儕(chái )鎮(zhèn )氱墖鐨勮(🏓)瘽鑾悕鎺崘缁欏(luó )瀹(yuè )躲p
8楝(liàn )兼潵鐢h12000骞翠唬鍒濇湡(yú )鎴戜滑鏃(zú )父鐢熸椿蹇呴闅忚韩(🏧)鎼哄甫(🚃)鐨勬(😰)墜鏈轰(📆)笅(🛴)涓(🦔)鐣屾亹鎬栫(🍲)數褰辩殑绱犳潗褰诲簳缁堢粨浜嗕(🚎)紬涓嶅悓鐨勬亹鎬栫數褰辩殑寮濮嬨p
杩欓儴浣滃(📨)搧(⛴)寰堜(lià(🖇)n )笉閿欏湴鍏蜂(🎡)綋鎻忚(😛)堪浜嗗湪棰勫憡姝(🐍)讳(🥙)骸鐨勬儏鍐典笅鍐嶆鍑虹(❔)幇鐨勪汉绫诲績鐞嗗拰鎭愭(🐸)儳銆(🚙)p
涓庢鐩歌薄鐨(🍈)勭數(shù )褰辨湁闊浗濂(🎲)虫槦(🌕)娌(👨)虫櫤濯(😙)涘彜瑁呯(píng )數褰辩殑楝奸搩銆p
9閫冨嚭缁(🗼)濆懡(✨)闀h1閫冨嚭(pǐ(📟) )缁濆懡(🎋)闀(🤯)囨(piān )槸涓閮尯濂界殑(🚺)鍦拌(🚌)鐜(🌉)板嚭浜嗙绉樼(🌞)殑鎰熻涓婂(⛔)拰鍙曞湴鐨勪綔鍝併(👝)p
閫(kǔ(✒)n )冨嚭缁濆懡闀囧湪娴峰棰濆浜(🤓)嗗緢楂樼殑(🦐)浜烘(🏄)皵銆p
寰堝鎭愭栫數褰(😎)卞彲(chī )鏄湁鐫浜轰(hōng )滑(🎲)鐨勬浜紝鏉浜烘晠浜嬶紝浣嗙數褰便婇冨嚭缁濆(pēn )懡闀(hòng )囥嬪嵈灞曠幇浜嗗畬鍏湁鎵涓嶅悓鐨勬亹(🍓)鎬栵紝(🛤)褰辩墖浠1涓(juān )栫邯浜哄彛璐崠鍜岄粦浜哄闅(✖)跺(🚆)寲鐨勫彲鎬曠礌(lěi )鏉愶紝鏄病鏈(🔹)夐渿澶姩鍦扮(🕡)殑澹伴煶鍜屾畫閰(jú(📐) )疯鑵殑鏉浜哄(hǒng )満闈紝浣嗘瀬鍏剁簿褰睍绀哄嚭浜嗘亹(😷)鎬栥(🍌)p
10瑙侀(xíng )
鐢靛奖瑙侀浜嗘(jī )槸2002骞村浗鍐呬(🕶)笂鏄犵(gē )殑浣滃(wēng )搧锛屾槸(yì )浠湡(yú )瀹炴晠浜嬩(🦇)负鍩虹(🚭)鎬庝箞(🤲)(qiān )鍒朵綔鐨(📆)勬(juān )亹鎬栫數(🍬)褰便p浠庤繖閮數褰辩殑鍘熷瀷鏉湅锛(bēn )989骞9宀佺殑鐜(duī )插湪姣(🦋)嶄翰(😏)鐨勫(😒)(fān )姖(👀)闃讳笅锛屽湪娉板浗鐨勪竴瀹(yuè )剁溂(🍟)绉戣繘琛屼簡瑙掕(líng )啘绉绘鎵嬫湳銆(mò )傘p
瑙掕(🎺)(líng )啘鐨勪(🌠)富浜烘槸涓(juān )涓(juān )湁(💄)鍚(🛸)嶇殑宸笀锛屽湪娉板浗(qiú )鏄伒楠屽粬寤栨棤鍑犵殑鍚(yáng )嶅帆(fān )甯(níng )堬紝浣嗗洜涓嶆槑鍘(🏉)熷(📀)洜鑷潃(👎)銆p
浣嗕护浜洪(hóng )渿鎯婏(fàn )紝(🐆)浜茬溂鐩澒宸笀(má(📰)ng )鑷(🔆)潃(🛁)姝荤殑澶鏁(🚲)颁汉閮戒細鍥犲(🏨)績鑴忓(gān )法鐥(shàn )涜屾(🛅)蹇欍p
浣嗚繖浜涗釜(🐶)浜嬪疄瀵圭幉(🥩)鑸硅(🍃)埗(☕)姒(🤶)傝(tà(🛵) )姣嶄翰淇濆瘑锛(🕗)岀伒鍦笉浜嬪(🐨)厛鐭檽鐨勬儏鍐典(diǎ(🗯)n )笅鎺(🤽)彈(🕧)浜嗗帆(🚴)甯堢殑鐪肩潧绉绘鍒般傘p
涓(juān )嶄箙(💈)鍚庯紝鐜插拰濡(🌃)堝(📋)涓(🎢)璧峰埌瀹堕(🏸)棬鍙(hù )殑鍏(wéi )洯鏅氶鍚庢暎(yìng )姝紝鍦鍗冧笂鐪嬪埌(🍋)婊韩鏄鐨勯珮璺熼瀷銆p
鍑犲鍚庯(🐎)紝閭釜鍏洯閲屽(àn )彂鐢熶簡(jiǎn )涓鍚(📈)嶅瀛(🧣)愯鏉鐨勬潃浜轰簨浠躲p
鑷浠(xī(🌕) )悗锛岀(chū )幉鏄庣(🐹)櫧鑷繁鐪间(jiān )腑鐨勫(🎈)够褰(🤷)遍鎰忕(🔔)潃閭竴涓汉鐨(fè(🌼)i )勬浜岄櫡鍏柉鐙備簡鎭(🏺)愭儳(👙)娲炲(tái )簻涔嬩腑銆p
鐜茶鍒(💕)颁竴(cūn )涓粡鑷(💅)(niè(🏀) )繁鐨(💛)勫瀛愭汉姘磋屼骸鍦(shī )板够褰憋紝灏卞幓(🈲)甯府(📤)浜嗗浜嬪(🦇)疄(👕)锛屼絾閭(🍒)瀛愬嵈涓嶆(🐶)垜鐩镐俊锛屽彲鏄笉澶氫箙閭瀛愭灉鐒跺湪(tuàn )娴(xián )寸几婧轰骸銆(🤗)p
閭(lǘ(🈯) )箣鍚庯(bū )紝鐜茬湅瑙佸够褰变篃娌湁(🌼)鍚戜(🚣)换浣曚(mé(🏗)ng )汉(hàn )璇(xuán )达(dá )紝涓嶈(🎶)繃(🐊)鑷繁闈欏(⚫)欏湪瀹堕(duò )噷锛(👐)(bēn )屼笉(qǐn )涔呭悗鏉戦噷涔熻涓(juān )惧姙(rén )鐩(🍢)涘(sì )搴(qiān )嗗吀(miē )锛岀幉鍙(🚤)堢湅瑙(⛅)佷(⚫)簡鍦偅涓簡鍏镐笂(wán )寰(👒)堝鏉戞皯鍥(qiè )犲鐏屾銆p
纭(🎂)疄鍚戞潙姘戜滑閫熷洖(wú )浜嗚繖涓浜嬪(🐪)疄锛(bēn )屼絾(🥙)涓诲姙鏂圭(guī )潃鎬細鐮村潖鏉戝(cái )簞搴(⛓)嗗吀鑰(yào )岃浜烘棤瑙嗭紝(rèn )涓(🈁)嶄(🏊)絾濞(🕐)(bì(🔄) )佽儊鐜茶濡(🎴)傛(🍎)灉涓嶆槸(yì )鍒板(bǎn )浼犳(zhuó )挱娴(🌇)佽铚氳灏变笉浼氶杩囩幉(dié(🚛) )鍜屽鐨(👔)勫浜(bāng )p
缁堜簬鎴(🐎)愬姛搴嗗吀涓捐(🏂)搴嗗吀锛屼竴涓潚骞(⚪)寸殑澶辫(biàn )浼氶犳(🌵)垚鐓皵鐖嗙(😃)偢(🦑)锛屼細閫犳垚涓(🥩)鍗婂乏鍙冲(chōng )惂鐨勬潙(➖)姘(pīn )戞蹇欐垨琚(🆘)儳浼p
灞呮皯浠鏋滆杩欐槸(🍴)鐜茬殑璇呭拻锛屾兂璧(🏄)跺洖鐜(⏰)茬殑瀹舵(duò )妸(ē )鐜(🦀)叉媺涓嶅嚭(🐘)鏉(💢)紝杩(mà )樿鍞湁(🍥)鐜叉浜(bāng )嗘墠鑳借閿佽瘏鍜
鍙笉(qǐn )杩囧洖(wú )瀹舵潵涓鐪嬶紝鍦(📰)簡鍏(wéi )稿張(zhāng )寮濮嬪(👬)墠鐨勶紝鐜插(chā )氨宸茬(chá )粡鑷潃(xǐn )浜嗐p
鍥(⚫)犱负鐜插烦缁忔槑鐧介偅浜涗(shuì )釜浜轰滑鑲(🕝)畾涓嶄細鏀(🚒)捐(juān )繃(bēng )鑷繁(🈸)(fán )锛屽洜姝皢鑷繁鐨勫案浣撴崘璧犵粰鏉戞皯锛(bēn )屽甫璧板啓(👞)(qǐ )婊仺(chuà(📫)ng )鐨(🌴)勯仐涔(📎)紝鐜茬殑姣(jiāo )嶄翰褰(qiān )撴椂涔熻窡(🦁)浜嗙幉(🈷)鑷饥韬(tāo )骸鈥p
鐒(🛃)跺悗璁彲(chī )鐜茬殑瑙掕啘绉绘鐨(fèi )勪汉涔熶細鍍忕幉(🙈)(dié )涓鏍风湅鍒板(🚑)够褰憋紝缁(zī(🚴) )堜簬鏈嶆(cá(👗)o )瘨鑷潃銆(🐀)p
10骞村(🌒)悗(mán )鐢靛奖瀵兼(🌦)紨(🤼)褰彂(fā )銆佸(🐏)江(❇)椤哄(🎰)(hǒng )惉鐫杩(🛄)欎簺鏁呬簨鍚庡埗鍋氱(🕷)殑鐢(🌆)靛奖閭氨鏄嘲鍥(🥣)界増鐨勬椿瑙侀銆p
姣掑拻銆佺寷楝煎拻(⛳)銆佸吇(✡)楝笺(🛴)佽楝笺(jiān )侀噾铓曢檷(🈺)銆佽(cì )壊闄嶃佹垜鐖辩嫄鐙哥簿銆侀瓟銆佽泭銆佽鍜(👓)(xiá )掋佸案濡栥(🤵)佺楝(liàn )笺7骞(🤳)撮檷澶淬(🔯)5骞撮檷澶淬佸崐鏆归檷銆侀(xíng )偑绯诲垪銆佸濂抽(chōu )檷銆(🤐)佹补楝煎瓙銆侀(🍳)(xíng )槾闃抽(👌)鑳庛佽鑳庢崲楠佺寷楝艰揩浜恒(🏍)佽壋(👣)缁涘嬀(😝)榄傘佽(🤷)繍(🎮)璐(😄)櫤(🕊)澶氭槦佸嬀(guī )榄(🆖)傞檷澶淬侀(🧥)澶撮瓟(🕣)濂炽佸崈骞撮瓟(bó )鐣屻佸師(📳)鎸緺(guā )涓(🔍)庡崼鏂(🍢)悊(zhé )銆佸崡(🆔)娲嬪崄(📃)澶偑鏈佸(huó )崡(👩)娲嬬(🔲)涓閭檷銆佺榄傞鍏富銆侀硠闄嶃(🖇)佽寘(tián )灞辨(🥒)枟闄嶅銆(📳)佷(👘)汉铦庡鎴樸佹瘨铔(🍈)(yā )娿佸帀楝煎皢鏄(tuán )犮p